In 1983, a particularly bitter and cruel war began. It was between the government of Sri Lanka ruled by a majority of Singhalese Buddhists and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), a separatist organisation fighting for the creation of an independent state in the East and the North of the country. The Tamil population continues nowadays to suffer from the stigmas of war. And much like in every conflict, the first to pay the price are the women and children.

Virtually all of the armed groups have recruited children as soldiers, both in villages and in towns. Almost 18,000 have been recruited in total. With the presence of criminal gangs, we also see the notion of the criminalised child appearing (informants, drug dealers, or, even worse, sicarios – contract killers, etc.). These individuals should also be treated as child soldiers. Children “joined” armed groups for various reasons: difficult economic conditions, domestic violence, a lack of opportunities, a desire for revenge, threats and forcible recruitment.

The DRC is also one of the world's poorest countries, and the scene of bloody wars: the first, from 1996 to 1997, ousted Zaire's President Mobutu Sese Seko, and the second, from 1998 to 2002, involved 9 neighboring countries. The latter claimed nearly 6 million lives, mainly from famine and disease. Since 2004, the Kivu war has been ongoing. The country is home to over 140 armed groups.